Plyometric Exercises and Their Benefits for Football Players

Plyometric Exercises and Their Benefits for Football PlayersThe benefits of polymetric use of goods and servicess for soccer players and theimportance of when in a grooming session these reference of actions shouldbe implemented.IntroductionThe subject of shape and physiology is a broad topic. Researchers confuse known for many years that exercise benefits the body in unhomogeneous ship canal and there is not a practicing physician anywhere that does not recommend it to his/her patients. But the actual effects of exercise on a mortals ability to perform an activity argon not well understood. Whether the increase in ability to perform is due to what is known as ponderosity keeping, increased vigour mass, or simply based on repetitive act is hard to determine in a quantitative sense. In the succeeding(prenominal) few pages a case exit be made for what ar known as polymetric exercises specifically for increased soccer playing ability.In allege to explore the subjects of exercise and kinesiology it is necessary to look at an adequate list of background information beforehand therefore before delving directly into the core subject matter, a few public principles shoot out be discussed to provide a framework of thinking for the remainder of the paper. A few principles that atomic number 18 crucial to the understanding(a) of the effects of polymetric exercise be muscularity physiology, various exercise regimes, and finally the basics of polymetrics and why they work.Muscle PhysiologyThe human body is made up of hundreds of muscles from the most subtile (i.e. the muscles that c relapse your eyelid) to very large conspicuous muscles (quadriceps, gluteus maximus, etc.). The large muscles are generally the ones that human beings train to become stronger and more adept, however all muscles draw the resembling basic structure. Each muscle is made up of a series of strands of tissue known as muscle fibers. These fibers work together as one large u nit to form what we know as muscle separates. The major muscle crowds that most people know about and understand the situation of are the bicep brachi(biceps),pectoralis major (pecs), quadriceps femoris (quadriceps), and rectus abdominas (abs). These groups are the major muscle groups that people tend to utilisation or train in prescribe to lose weight or tone up and are the muscles with which the majority of the population is most familiar with.While a working knowledge of the major muscle groups is sufficient for the everyday layperson going to the gym, to really understand what is involved in the build up of muscle mass and the accumulation of what is known as muscle memory it is necessary to understand what is going on at the cellular train. Muscle cells work together with the nerves to perform actions. The bodys nerves create an electrical impulse triggered by a potassium gradient which then stimulates the muscle cells into action. Even though this entire process takes o ftentimes less than a second, there are still modal values of maximizing the efficiency and output of the muscle cells. Some of the muscle cells are part of what are known as immediate vellication muscle fibers and oppositewises are part of backward twitch muscle fibers. These concepts will be discussed more in the undermentioned section. ready twitch versus soggy twitch musclesExperts usually split muscles into two general groupings or types. The first type is called spry twitch muscle fiber. Fast twitch muscles are the muscles that react quickly to stressors (ie sprinting, reverberateing, or punching). The agile twitch fibers are usually what are termed the shorter muscle fibers. Even though the actual natural length of the fibers are no different from the time-consuming or slow twitch muscle fibers, the term short refers to the type of energy they use and the types of activities that these muscle fibers are suited best for. Fast twitch muscle fibers are better suited for activities that require quick movements for short amounts of time. For instance, sprinters build up fast twitch muscle fibers, so do boxers, and to an extent soccer players do as well (Vannatta 2002). These muscle fibers are powered by quick or fast energy which is provided by ATPs produced by carbohydrates. In do to build up these fast twitch muscles specific types of exercises work best. General exercises (jogging, weight training, calisthenics) will build the muscle fibers up to a certain point, especially if this is the first activity in a while or ever for that matter. However, once a reasonable level of fitness is achieved it begins to get harder to realize increased fast twitch muscle enhancement. It is due to this new plateau of difficulty that enquiryers have true different types of exercises to specifically address the fast twitch muscle fibers (Pollock et al 1998).There are several different types of exercises that can be used to thrash fast twitch muscle fiber pla teaus. These exercises utilize techniques that capitalize on movements that require quick employment of energy. A few examples of exercises would be anything that requires jumping, dexterity drills, or footwork drills. All of these exercises increase the muscle memory of the fast twitch muscle fibers. Muscle memory is defined as the tendency for muscles to remember or hold a propensity for the motions of a specific action. This is due to a muscles direct feedback mechanism connected with growth. Once a muscle is punctuate and the stressor is removed, the muscle takes time to recover. Depending on the amount of stress, the muscle can take varying amounts of time to recover. Also, once the muscle is stressed it will not exactly recover to the original state of the muscle but it will increase its resistance to stressors to the point of the initial stress event (Rhea et al 2003). In other words, once the muscle fiber is torn by work (ie exercise) it will repair itself to a point whe re it can resist the same type of exercise stress again later and in the process builds up an increased muscle mass. Its the accompaniment of muscle memory exercises and the increased resistance to stressors that leads to the abolishment of a fast twitch muscle fiber performance plateau.While fast twitch muscle fibers rely on quick use of energy, slow twitch or long muscle fibers require the use of sustainable energy found in slower burning sources such as protein and fats. These muscle fibers are better suited for types of activities that require muscle endurance. Slow twitch muscle fibers are responsible for activities such as long distance running, rowing, and cycling. grand muscle fibers must be equipped with the formidability needed for endurance events, as well as be able to work in join with the fast twitch muscle fibers for quick bursts of speed. No one has solely fast twitch or solely slow twitch muscles. Each person has a specific ratio of slow to fast twitch muscle f ibers that determines what kind of sports or activities that they are better suited to (ie endurance vs. sprints). In other words, marathon runners have more slow twitch muscle fibers than do sprinters and boxers have more fast twitch muscle fibers in similitude to cyclists. Although the ratio of muscle fiber types plays a role in determining the types of sports and activities that a person participates in, it is not a completely firm method of deciding on the type of performance expected from an individual.Some sports, like soccer, are activities that require a fair amount of both slow twitch and fast twitch muscle fibers in holy order to perform at the extravagantlyest level, and this holds true for many sports (Ekblom 1986). Therefore the question is how can athletes enhance the performance of both their slow twitch muscle fibers and fast twitch muscle fibers with one series of exercises?. In the past there has not been a good answer to this question. Coaches and athletes have simply trained one set of muscle fibers on one day and then train the other muscle fibers on the next days. In this way all of the muscle fiber types were being trained, but not in a single training session, and thus the simulation of a play or competitive event was not accurately depicted. However, recently kinesiology has taken an interesting turn with regard to training multiple muscle groups at the same time. The next section will discuss a few of these techniques at length.Exercises to train multiple muscle groupsResearchers have determined that there are sets or groupings of exercises that can effectively train both slow and fast twitch muscle fibers, as well as training multiple muscle groups, concurrently. This group of exercises is collectively known as polymetric exercises. The meaning of the word polymetric is just as its roots imply. These are exercises that employ techniques to train multiple (poly-) muscles at once victimization different movements (-metrics). There are several different types of exercises that are all considered polymetric exercises. These exercises include all non-isolationistic movement, or in other words, any exercise or movement that trains more than one muscle or muscle group at a time. These exercises can include plyometric exercises, isotonic exercises, polykinetic exercises , polytonic exercises or compound exercises. We will look at each type briefly as a preliminary procedure.Plyometric ExercisePlyometric exercises are a group of exercises that many organized sports teams and athletes are familiar with. Plyometrics are usually implemented in what are also known as drills. These can include such practices as box jumping, jump roping, line hops, etc. Basically, plyometrics serve to recreate certain situations that the athlete may encounter during a competitive event. This could be anything from jumping over a would be tackler, making a quick turn to avoid an foe, or jumping over a hurdle. There are many plyometric dril ls that are employed by various coaches and one only needs to decide on the specific movements that are used in the activity that they are involved with in order for new drills to be designed. Plyometrics are very good at training the fast twitch muscle fibers to react with greater efficiency and at a higher rate than the original state of the muscle. Even though most polymetric muscles are good at training both types of muscle fibers, plyometric exercises in general do not do a good job of training the slow twitch muscle fibers and thus are considered an earlier stage of exercise development than other more advanced polymetric exercises.Isotonic ExerciseIsotonic exercises are a group of exercises that stresses a constant load of resistance against the fence muscle. These are most easily generalized as the weight lifting exercises that people perform in a gym such as bicep curls, bench press, and standing barbell rows. Most experts agree that the use of free weights for these exerc ises is essential because free weights tend to employ more muscle groups at the same time in order to balance the weight. It is due to the act of balancing muscle groups that more muscle mass may be gained by using free weights instead of machines. Its all-important(a) to realize that not all isotonic exercises can be called polymetric exercises. In most cases the use of isotonic exercises necessitates the employment of more than one muscle group or type of muscle fiber at a time and therefore may be classified as a polymetric exercise, however in some cases isotonic exercises may isolate a single muscle or muscle group in which case they can no longer be considered a polymetric exercise.Polykinetic ExercisePolykinetic exercise literally means multiple motion or multiple movement. Dancers and tennis players perform these exercises most frequently in order to increase their spring or vertical jumping height. Polykinetic exercises sometimes are misclassified as other polymetric exerc ises such as polymetrics. Polykinetics use multiple motion exercises to employ as many muscles as possible in one specific exercises. Again, polykinetics much like plyometrics are used mostly to train fast twitch muscle fibers, however if the exercises are performed for a longer period of time then these could also be used to train the slow twitch muscle fibers as well.Polytonic ExercisePolytonic exercise is not actually a separate division of polymetric exercise but is simply used interchangeably with polymetric and plyometric when discussing various sports training activities. Literally polytonic means multiple tones and was originally applied to Greek orthography.Compound ExerciseCompound exercise is also simply another way to express the idea of an exercise which involves multiple muscle employment. However, most researchers acknowledge compound exercises as those that involve a great deal of balance as well as the actual movement of the exercise. There are now specific tools th at are used in conjunction with compound exercises which include such items as balance boards, balance balls, posture correcting exercise balls, etc. All of these items are designed to force the person exercising to not only employ their muscles during the exercise, but also use them to balance themselves and the weight at the same time.Why does polymetric training work?The idea and principle behind polymetric training is to get the most bang for your buck. Exercise kinesiologists have developed methods to get the most muscle fatigue and consequent recovery in the least amount of time and energy expenditure. This age of technology is the fastest paced since the industrial revolution and does not appear to be slowing down any. Therefore it is imperative for immediatelys athletes to be able to train as many muscle groups as possible in one session, while still maintaining a high level of performance. Polymetric exercises allow this to happen and in some cases have been shown to provi de the best possible training for the competitive event for which they are intended (Noda et al. 1998).The Ins and Outs of PolymetricsPolymetric exercises have been shown to improve the ability of many sports teams and athletes to perform at amazingly high levels when employed correctly. The types of activities that are performed are very important and should be specific to that crabby sport.For example, it has been shown that soccer players need the recruitment of both fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibers. Soccer is a sport that requires not only stamina to last the entirety of the game while running almost constantly, but also demands small bursts of speed and energy in order to outdistance your opponent or to save the ball (Reilly 2005). In the case of soccer then, it is absolutely essential to not just train for endurance or for speed, but for a combination of the two. By utilizing polymetrics it is possible to not only train both slow and fast twitch muscle groups, but is possible to do this at the exact same time. The optimal conditioning program is the implementation of a holistic fitness approach as stated by Reilly (2005).While the types of exercises are extremely important, another aspect of training which is often overlooked is that of the time of training. This is not referring to the time of day, but rather the time in the training regime. It is believed that the epoch in the exercise routine is linked to the overall performance of the participant later in a competitive event. Using the concepts of strength and endurance as potential results, it is possible to make a few generalizations concerning training.First, an athlete will have the most energy during the beginning phase of an exercise or workout routine and will be able to produce the most power. We can say that this is when his/her strength is at its highest level throughout the entire routine.Secondly, if an athlete valued to increase his/her strength to the optimal level he/she sh ould train their bodies at the point when their strength is the highest initially so that the amount of stress on the muscles is the greatest, principal to the most growth.It would seem reasonable then to assume that in order to gain the most strength gains an athlete would do some sort of polymetric training early on in their workout routine. Since polymetrics would work multiple groups and the athlete is working these muscles early, the greatest increase in athletic ability would be in strength instead of endurance.However, if we assume that at the end of a workout period an athletes muscles are at their weakest point or are the most tired/stressed, then it is reasonable to say that the opposite is true if the polymetric exercises are performed at the end of a workout session. If performed at the end of an exercise period, polymetric drills will increase the endurance of an individual since the muscles will not be exerting the most force (ie strength) that they are capable of, bu t will instead be utilizing the longterm energy sources in the body.ConclusionPolymetric exercise encompass a wide range of workouts, drills, and exercise regimes which all help to stress the bodys muscles in many different ways. In the case of soccer players it is of the utmost importance that these techniques be employed. According to Reilly (2005) todays soccer players are enjoying an increased corporal ability and game tempo compared to decades in the past. This is due not only to better medicine and technology, but also to the increase of high end research performed in the disciplines of physiology and kinesiology. It is an obvious assumption that the temporal aspect of exercise is extremely important in determining what muscles are stressed and how. This paper has shown that in order to increase strength, athletes should perform polymetric drills at the beginning of an exercise routine and to increase stamina or endurance one should perform polymetric drills at the end of a p ractice or exercise period. This claim is significant in that it implies that polymetrics may be more important to athletes as they increase their basal fitness level and approach loftier performance levels in an effort to perform at their absolute best. It is necessary for research to continue to be done in this area so that athletes may continue to increase their performance levels naturally and without pharmaceutical enhancement.